Efficient design considerations for end-pumped solid-state-lasers

The temperature distribution in the gain medium and key design parameters for an ideal-four level end-pumped solid-state laser have been analyzed depending on the crystal's length, absorption coefficient, and pump beam M2 factor. The optimum key design parameters and thermal focal lens are obtained by minimizing the root mean square of pump beam radius in the laser crystal. It is found that the focal thermal lens and key design parameters are dependent on the gain medium characteristics and pump beam properties as well. By considering the Poisson equation in cylindrical coordinate and Top-Hat pumping profile, an analytical formula has been derived to introduce the thermal focal length in the end-pumped lasers. A formula is also presented to relate the requirements of pump source to the gain medium properties for working laser at the design point.

► We provided a more precise analytical guide for optimal design of end-pumped lasers.
► The optimized pump beam is obtained by minimizing the root mean square of pump beam.
► The optimized key design parameters and thermal focal lens are obtained.
► The requirements of pump source are obtained to work laser at the design point.
► The effect of pump beam M2, absorption coefficient and crystal length investigated.