The temperature properties of spatial optical solitons in biased photorefractive crystal

The effect of temperature on the evolution and the self-deflection of bright screening solitons has been investigated using numerical methods and the perturbation technique. The numerical study shows that a bright solitary beam could be stable, exhibit larger cycles of compression and expansion or break up when the crystal temperature changes. It is also found that the bending distance of the solitary beam centre increases, reaching its maximum value at a characteristic temperature, and then decreases as the temperature increases, approaching zero at low and high temperatures. Both the maximum value of the bending distance and the characteristic temperature increase with the input power density. The self-deflection of the bright solitary beam is further studied by the perturbation technique, and the results are found to be in good agreement with that obtained from the numerical method. The crystal proposed here is strontium barium niobate (SBN: 60).