Investigation of optical photorefractive properties of Zr:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

A series of Zr:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals with various levels of ZrO2 doping were grown by Czochraski technique. The optical damage resistance and photorefractive properties were deeply explored. The results showed that the ability optical damage resistance increased remarkably when the concentration of ZrO2 is over threshold concentration, but which is lower than that of traditional damage resistant additive MgO. While, the holographic storage properties can be greatly enhanced by proper level of ZrO2 doping in Fe:LiNbO3. In terms of ions' site occupation model, the photo-damage resistant ability enhancement and the change of the photorefractive properties were discussed.

► Different threshold concentration of Zr in Fe:LiNbO3 was obtained and the optical damage resistance ability was accurately measured.
► A reasonable interpretation was given about defects in crystals and the improving ability of optical properties.
► Using an ADC control system, crystals were successfully grown, which show as smooth surface from shoulder, body to tail.