Model testing, prediction and experimental protocols in neuroscience: A case study

► We discuss claims made by Craver and Woodward on neuroscientific generalizations. ► Our case-study is a neuroscientific investigation of rat place cells. ► We argue that the authors of the study are not tolerant towards exceptions. ► Experimental protocols define what is an “exception” there. ► Results may enable one to reflect on the methods of model testing in neuroscience.