Determination of 27 pesticides in wine by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A low solvent consumption method was developed to determine 27 different classes of pesticides (including organochlorine pesticide, organophosphorus pesticide, pyrethroid pesticide, fungicide, herbicide and acaricide) in wine using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Extraction parameters including type and volume of extraction solvent, type and volume of disperser solvent, salinity, pH, centrifugation time, vortex extraction time and wine volumes were optimized. A mixture of 60 μL chloroform (extraction solvent) and 940 μL acetonitrile (disperser solvent) was injected into 5 mL wine diluent. After shaking and centrifugation, the sedimented phase was transferred into a 200 μL glass insert and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method (GC-MS). The results demonstrated that the recoveries for all the pesticides spiked at three different levels ranged from 66.7 to 126.1%. The intra-day repeatabilities (RSDs) ranged from 2.0 to 27.2%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.025 to 0.88 μg/L, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.082 to 2.94 μg/L. The proposed method is very low cost, rapid and convenient, and could be an effective method for monitoring of multi-pesticide in wine.