Multi-technique chemical characterisation of a 12-13th-century painted Crucifix

► A medieval panel painting was studied with complementary analytical techniques. ► Py-GC/MS allowed for identification of synthetic resins as used in restoration. ► MALDI-MS analysis showed the occurrence of aged egg binder and animal glue. ► Painting techniques and pigments were studied with MO, SEM and micro-Raman.