Effect of Nd2O3 doping on the electrical properties of Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.90Sn0.10O3 ceramics

The electric properties of the Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.90Sn0.10O3 ceramics can be optimized by the addition of Nd2O3 (x = 0-0.08%). Typically, the d33, ɛr and Pr values at x = 0.03 are achieved to 545 pC/N, 24,412 and 10.74 μC/cm2, respectively.70