Chemical characterization of essential oil constituents of four populations of Piper aduncum L. from Distrito Federal, Brazil

► The yield of essential oil in Piper aduncum populations ranged from 0.7% to 1.3%. ► Populations from Brazlândia and Parque do Guará showed similar chemical profile. ► Córrego Bananal population showed a unique chemical profile clustered in two groups. ► Population from Água Limpa farm showed a high content of dillapiole (36.5-79.0%).