Self-tuning PID controller to three-axis stabilization of a satellite with unknown parameters

This paper addresses the three-axis stabilization of a satellite system in the presence of the gravity gradient and orbital eccentricity. Multivariable non-linear dynamics of the satellite system are converted into three well-known non-linear canonical independent models with unknown parameters. The new model is efficient and practical for designers to implement and analyze different control methodologies on satellite systems. A self-tuning PID controller is designed on the basis of the new proposed model to produce control signals for three reaction wheels in three axes. An adaptive algorithm is applied to tune and update gains of the PID controller and stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by using Lyapunov approach. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of the self-tuning PID controller and a comparison with a fixed gain PD controller and a variable-structure controller is made.

► Three-axis stabilization of satellite dynamic is presented.
► The new canonical model for the satellite is derived.
► The parameters of the satellite are assumed to be unknown.
► The self-tuning PID controller is designed based on the new model of the satellite.
► The results are compared with two other methods to validate the performance of the proposed method.