Influences of inclusion shape and size in drawing of copper shaped-wire

The present paper shows how two of the inclusion parameters, the inclusion size and aspect ratio, influenced the drawing stress, maximum hydrostatic stress and maximum die pressure during drawing of the single filament copper shaped-wire. The optimum die angle was determined. It was found that the maximum drawing stress increased as inclusion size and aspect ratio increased. The inclusion location that the maximum drawing stress occurred in drawing wire was at s/L ratio, the ratio of distance from die entrance to distance between die entrance and exit, equal to 0.55. The necking due to inclusion wire drawing occurred on some parts of the copper wire surface in front of and nearby inclusion and increased in accordance with inclusion size increase as the inclusion passed through the die. The maximum hydrostatic tensile stress directly increased as inclusion aspect ratio increased for small and medium inclusion, but it inversely increased for large inclusion. It was mostly found where the leading edge of the inclusion was located in the drawn zone. The maximum die pressure was low and constant and not affected by inclusion size. However, it was very slightly influenced by inclusion aspect ratio where longitudinal inclusion size ratio was between 0.0 and 0.3. It rapidly increased as inclusion aspect ratio and inclusion size increased where longitudinal inclusion size ratio was 0.3 up. It was found where the leading edge of the inclusion was located in the drawn zone for longitudinal inclusion size ratio = 0.2, 0.3 and 0.8, in the reduction zone for longitudinal inclusion size ratio = 0.4 and 0.5, and mostly around the die exit for low inclusion aspect ratio.