Rationally engineered amorphous TiOx/Si/TiOx nanomembrane as an anode material for high energy lithium ion battery

3D amorphous TiOx/Si/TiOx nanomembranes have been prepared by physical vapor deposition combined with strain-released rolled-up technology. The Li+ penetrable and electron conductive TiOx coating effectively improves the e-/Li+ transportability and enhances the structural stability of the Si electrode. The multi-winding nanomembranes create hollow interior and empty channels allowing for free volume expansion of the Si without mechanical breaking. With this TiOx/Si/TiOx as the anode, the Li-ion full battery exhibits super-high gravimetric energy density.232