A review on the inclusion of wind generation in power system studies

In this paper, an extensive review on power system studies with inclusion of wind generation has been attempted. The various basic aspects of wind generation including basics of wind power statistics, wind farm, wake-effect, and environmental effects on wind generation have also been discussed. For the practical analysis of power system with wind generation, accurate wind generation models must be developed with load flow methods that can be integrated in to the normal power system algorithm to cater the need of inclusion of uncertainty in power system. So, various wind turbine generator models and deterministic load flow methods for transmission and distribution system have also been reviewed. The intermittent and fluctuating nature of wind power injected into the grid causes variations in bus voltages and line power flows of transmission system which is going to be quite significant in the future. So, for the successful integration of wind generation in the grid, these variations need to be analyzed, estimated and quantified, which can be achieved through probabilistic load flow. The various probabilistic load flow methods along with application and extension have also been reviewed. The correlation between wind generators in a wind farm has also been discussed. For the successful operation of power system with wind, it is mandatory to have power system planning and contingency analysis with uncertainty. The different methods used in power system planning and contingency analysis have also been reviewed. For the integration of wind generation to be viable, it must be cost effective and free of technical abnormalities. A review on the technical and economic issues related to the integration has also been done. Finally, with the increase in installation of offshore wind farms, HVDC application with wind farms has also increased. So, HVDC techniques with wind generation have also been reviewed in detail.