Effect of dispersion of various nanoadditives on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel and blends-A review

The preference given to biodiesel in a diesel engine has gained importance over the past two decades, due to its various environmental and economic benefits. There exists a lot of scope for further improvement in the performance and emission reduction with biodiesel as the fuel. Fuel adulteration is one of the important techniques for performance enhancement and emission reduction, compared to other techniques such as engine modification and exhaust gas treatment. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles as additives in diesel improves the thermo physical properties, such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity, when dispersed in any base fluid medium. Based on the results available in the literature, it has been found that nanoadditives with diesel, biodiesel and blends improve the flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity and other properties, depending upon the dosage of the nanofluid additives. In the present work a review has been made to study the effect of dispersion of various nanoadditives on the enhancement of the performance and emission reduction characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel, and its blends and a summary of the observation made from the literatures are reported in the conclusion.