Human CYP2E1-dependent and human sulfotransferase 1A1-modulated induction of micronuclei by benzene and its hydroxylated metabolites in Chinese hamster V79-derived cells

- Human CYP2E1 activates benzene and phenol for eukaryotic micronuclei (MN) induction.
- CYP2E1 activates hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CAT) for increased cytotoxicity.
- CYP2E1 activates HQ, CAT and 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (THB) for stronger MN induction.
- CYP2E1 may catalyze oxidation of the OH groups of HQ, CAT and THB.
- Human SULT1A1 reduces the genotoxicity of HQ, CAT and THB.