Quantitative analysis of the mutagenic potential of 1-aminopyrene-DNA adduct bypass catalyzed by Y-family DNA polymerases

► Frameshifts observed with the SOSA method may lead to genetic mutations in vivo. ► Sulfolobus solfataricus Dpo4 is less error-prone than human Y-family DNA polymerases. ► Frameshift error frequency caused by Y-family enzymes increases in the presence of dGAP. ► hRev1 is the most suitable human Y-family enzyme to faithfully bypass dGAP. ► hPolκ is the most suitable human Y-family enzyme to faithfully extend dGAP bypass products.