Effects of different concentrations of glyphosate (Roundup 360®) on earthworms (Octodrilus complanatus, Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa) in vineyards in the North-East of Italy

However in spite of the long period of application of glyphosate the impact of this largely applied herbicide is still serious (up to 26% of mortality) especially on the deep-burrowing earthworms species (Oc. complanatus and L. terrestris).