Gold Octahedra nanoparticles (Au_0.03 and Au_0.045): Synthesis and impact on marine clams Ruditapes decussatus

These results highlight the importance of the physical form of nanomaterials on their interactions with marine organisms and provide a useful guideline for future use of Oct-AuNPs. In addition, Vitellogenin is shown not to be an appropriate biomarker for Oct-AuNPs contamination even at high concentration. We further show that Oct-AuNPs exhibit an important antioxidant response without inducing estrogenic disruption.