Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of flumequine in pigs after single intravenous and intramuscular administration

After intravenous (IV) injection, flumequine was slowly distributed and eliminated (t1/2λ11.40 ± 0.16 h and t1/2λ26.35 ± 1.69 h). The distribution volume at steady state (Vdss) was 752.59 ± 84.03 mL kg−1 and clearance (ClB) was 237.19 ± 17.88 mL kg−1 h−1. After IM administration, peak serum concentration (4.99 ± 0.92 μg mL−1) was reached between the 2nd and the 3rd hour. The results on MIC of isolated bacteria, although only indicative, suggest that the efficacy of flumequine on Gram-negative bacteria may be impaired by the emergence of less sensitive or resistant strains.