کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
935317 | 1475072 | 2013 | 25 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Discourse new, F-marking, and normal stress Discourse new, F-marking, and normal stress](/preview/png/935317.png)
• Focus-as-alternatives (FOCUS) is F-marked, discourse new (NEW) is not.
• Normal stress determines accent placement in all-NEW and all-GIVEN domains.
• NEW is grammatically unmarked and is not an Information Structure trigger.
• Thetic predicates and other unaccented NEW phrases must be GIVENness accommodated.
My main goal in this paper is to argue that English grammar makes a distinction between two notions of focus, focus-as-new (NEW) and focus-as-alternatives (FOCUS). The arguments center around the claim that if FOCUS is F-marked, then NEW cannot be. A review is made of two proposals for F-marking, one liberal (marking both FOCUS and NEW), and one conservative (marking FOCUS only). The conclusion is that if grammar employs F-marking, it must be conservative rather than liberal. For conservative F-marking to achieve descriptive parity with liberal F-marking, appeal must be made to a mechanism of normal stress that determines the distribution of phrase stress in NEW and in all-GIVEN phrases. The properties of such a mechanism are spelled out and representative proposals from the literature are assessed. A new proposal is made, in the form of GIVENness accommodation, to capture the most recalcitrant classical problems for normal stress – the predicates of thetic sentences and the possibility for unaccented NEW constituents generally, where found.
Journal: Lingua - Volume 136, November 2013, Pages 38–62