Intrinsic perpendicular anisotropy and exchange biasing in CoO/permalloy multilayers

For permalloy/CoO multilayers, the exchange field and the coercivity of the perpendicular and longitudinal exchange biasing have been found to decrease with increasing temperature. After zero field cooling, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is observed. For small permalloy layer thickness, perpendicular anisotropy film can be established at low temperatures.