Local-focusing phenomenon and turbulence modulation in particle-laden turbulent jets

A direct numerical simulation (DNS) technique based on two-way coupling is presented to study a particle-laden, weakly compressible turbulent plane jet. The physical characteristics of particle dispersion and turbulence modulation are investigated. It is found that a local-focusing phenomenon happens to the dispersion of the particles at the Stokes number of 1. As a whole, the particles at the Stokes number of 0.01 and 50 make the two-way coupled profiles of turbulence intensity wider and lower, but the particles at the Stokes number of 1 decrease turbulence intensities. This method is feasible and convenient to study the physical interactions between the continuum phase fluid and the dispersed solid particles at different Stokes numbers.