Keywords: ACS, 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase; ATP-S, adenosine triphosphate sulfurylase; AVG, aminoethoxyvinylglycine; Cd, cadmium; Cys, cysteine; DAS, days after sowing; ETR, electron transport rate; GK, glutamyl kinase; GPX, glutathione peroxidase;