Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; AChRs, acetylcholine receptor; αΒΤX, alpha-bungarotoxin; ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CCh, carbachol; CPRG, chlorophenol red-β-D galactopyranoside; DMEM, Dulbecco׳s Modified Eagle׳s Medium; EDTA, e
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Inhibition of HIF Reduces Bladder Hypertrophy and Improves Bladder Function in Murine Model of Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; urinary bladder neck obstruction; anoxia; 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin; hypoxia-inducible factor 1; muscle; smooth17-AAG, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin; CCh, carbachol; DSM, detrusor smooth muscle; ECM, extracellular matr
Target Inhibition of IL-1 Receptor Prevents Ifosfamide Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Mice
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; urinary bladder; cystitis; interstitial; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein; antibodies; monoclonalATC, trigger contraction amplitude; BWW, bladder wet weight; CCh, carbachol; CD, contraction duration; HC, hemorrhagic c
Changes in the Function and Expression of T-Type and N-Type Calcium Channels in the Rat Bladder after Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; urinary bladder; overactive; urinary bladder neck obstruction; calcium channels; calcium channel blockers; electric stimulationACh, acetylcholine; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BOO, bladder outlet obstruction; CCh, carbachol; CMG, cystometry; CTX, ω-conoto
Ca2+ signaling and fluid secretion by secretory cells of the airway epithelium
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; AE, Cl−/HCO3− (anion) exchanger; ASL, airway surface liquid; [Ca2+]i, intracellular Ca2+ concentration; CaCC, Ca2+-activated Cl− channel; CCh, carbachol; CF, cystic fibrosis; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; C
Arginine vasopressin, via activation of post-junctional V1 receptors, induces contractile effects in mouse distal colon
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AVP, arginine vasopressin; CCh, carbachol; CPA, cyclopiazonic acid; DDA, 2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine; EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt; GI, gastrointestinal; U-73122, {1-[6((17β-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-
Magnolol inhibits colonic motility through down-regulation of voltage-sensitive L-type Ca2+ channels of colonic smooth muscle cells in rats
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Magnolol; Magnolia officinalis; Colonic motility; Smooth muscle cells; L-type Ca2+ channelsACh, acetylcholine; TTX, tetrodotoxin; l-NAME, Nώ-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester; NO, nitric oxide; VGCC, voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels; CCh, carbachol; 5-HT, sero
Hippocampal long term memory: Effect of the cholinergic system on local protein synthesis
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACQ, acquisition; ACh, acetylcholine; aCSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CCh, carbachol; IA, step-down inhibitory avoidance; M, mean; MALDI-TOF-TOF, matrix assited laser desorption ionization-time of flight-time of flight; mTOR, mammalian target of rap
Cholinergic receptor activation induces a relative facilitation of synaptic responses in the entorhinal cortex during theta- and gamma-frequency stimulation of parasubicular inputs
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CCh, carbachol; Cs+, cesium; EEG, electroencephalographic; fEPSP, field excitatory postsynaptic potential; GABA, gamma aminobutyric acid; Ih, hyperpolarization-activated cationic current; IM, muscarine-sensitive potas
Differential effects of cholinergic and noradrenergic neuromodulation on spontaneous cortical network dynamics
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Acetylcholine; Norepinephrine; Cortex; Slice; Network dynamics; Multielectrode arrayACh, Acetylcholine; aCSF, artificial Cerebral Spinal Fluid; ApEn, Approximate Entropy; CCh, Carbachol; FR, Firing Rate; LTD, Long Term Depression; LTP, Long Term Potentiat
Characterization of monomeric and multimeric snake neurotoxins and other bioactive proteins from the venom of the lethal Australian common copperhead (Austrelaps superbus)
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; AChE, acetylcholinesterase; BCA, bicinchoninic acid; 4-BPB, 4-bromophenacyl bromide; CBCNM, chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle; CCh, carbachol; D/C, disintegrin-like/cysteine rich; EPP, end-plate potential; ESI-QTOF MS, electrospray
Solving the ‘Brown snake paradox’: In vitro characterisation of Australasian snake presynaptic neurotoxin activity
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; CBCNM, chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle; CCh, carbachol; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; TFA, trifluoroacetic acid; ACN, acetonitrile‘Brown snake paradox’; Textilotoxin; Taipoxin; Pseudonaja textilis; Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus; P
Autoantibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients induce internalization of muscarinic type 3 receptors
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Ca2+]i, cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration; CCh, carbachol; CDE, clathrin-dependent endocytosis; CICT, CCh-induced [Ca2+]i transient; CQ, chloroquine; GPCR, G-protein-coupled receptor; hSMG, human submandibular gland; M3R, muscarinic type 3 receptor; pSS
Regional differences in the vasorelaxing effects of testosterone and its 5-reduced metabolites in the canine vasculature
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcoline; AR, androgen receptors; CCh, carbachol; 5α-DHT, 5α-dihydrotestosterone; 5β-DHT, 5β-dihydrotestosterone; NEM, N-ethylmaleimide; IC50, inhibitory concentration 50; IP3, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; NO, nitric oxide; Phe, phenylephrine; PG
An aryloxypropanolamine hβ3-adrenoceptor agonist as bladder smooth muscle relaxant
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AR, adrenergic receptor; CCh, carbachol; FSK, forskolin; PBS, phosphate-buffered salineAdrenergic receptor; hβ3-Adrenoceptor agonist; Aryloxypropanolamine; Human detrusor; Relaxation assay; Relative efficacy
Mechanisms underlying the antidiarrheal, antispasmodic and bronchodilator activities of Fumaria parviflora and involvement of tissue and species specificity
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Ach, acetylcholine; CCh, carbachol; CI, confidence interval; CRCs, concentration–response curves; EC50, median effective concentration; ED50, median effective dose; Fp, Cr, crude extract of Fumaria parviflora; N, number of experiments; p.o., Persa ora (or
Cholinergic suppression of excitatory synaptic transmission in layers II/III of the parasubiculum
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; entorhinal cortex; acetylcholine theta; spatial navigation; medial septum; EPSP; atropineACSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CB1R, cannabinoid 1 receptor; CCh, carbachol; DAG, diacylglycerol; EEG, electroencephalographic; fEPSPs, field excitatory postsy
Layer-specific processing of excitatory signals in CA1 interneurons depends on postsynaptic M2 muscarinic receptors
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CCh, carbachol; GIRK current, G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ current; GPSP, glutamate-evoked postsynaptic potential; SO, stratum oriens; SR, stratum radiatum; WT, wild-typeAcetylcholine; Muscarinic recepto
Glucagon-like peptide-1 relaxes gastric antrum through nitric oxide in mice
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GLP-1R, GLP-1 receptor; l-NAME, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; TTX, tetrodotoxin; CCh, carbachol; RT-PCR, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reactionGlucagon like peptide
Involvement of inward rectifier and M-type currents in carbachol-induced epileptiform synchronization
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Inward rectifiers; M-Current; Entorhinal cortex; Temporal lobe epilepsy; Muscarinic receptors; GABAB receptors; RetigabineACSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CCh, carbachol; EC, entorhinal cortex; KIR, inward rectifier K+ current; KM, M-current; TLE, te
α-Elapitoxin-Aa2a, a long-chain snake α-neurotoxin with potent actions on muscle (α1)2βγδ nicotinic receptors, lacks the classical high affinity for neuronal α7 nicotinic receptors
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CBCNM, chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle; CCh, carbachol; ESI-QTOF, electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight; nAChR, nicoti
Isolation and characterisation of P-EPTX-Ap1a and P-EPTX-Ar1a: Pre-synaptic neurotoxins from the venom of the northern (Acanthophis praelongus) and Irian Jayan (Acanthophis rugosus) death adders
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CCh, carbachol; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-fight; PLA2, phospholipase A2; P-EPTX-Aa1a, P-elapitoxin-Aa1a; RP-HPLC, reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatographyDeath ad
Functional role of acetylcholine and the expression of cholinergic receptors and components in osteoblasts
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Acetylcholine; Cholinergic receptor; Cholinergic component; Osteoblast; Proliferation; DifferentiationACh, acetylcholine; Nic, nicotine; Mus, muscarine; CCh, carbachol; Atr, atropine; Mec, mecamylamine; nAChRs, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; mAChRs, m
The three-finger toxin MTα is a selective α2B-adrenoceptor antagonist
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Adrenoceptor; Muscarinic toxin; Muscarinic receptors; Calcium mobilisation; Ligand bindingAR, adrenergic receptor, adrenoceptor; CCh, carbachol; [Ca2+]i, intracellular Ca2+ concentration; mAChR, muscarinic actylcholine receptor; MT, muscarinic toxin; NMS,
Characterisation of the heterotrimeric presynaptic phospholipase A2 neurotoxin complex from the venom of the common death adder (Acanthophis antarcticus)
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ACh, acetylcholine; ANOVA, analysis of variance; 4BPB, 4-bromophenacyl bromide; CBCNM, chick biventer-cervicis nerve-muscle; CCh, carbachol; ESI-Q-TOF, electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisati
Sympathetic sprouting in visual cortex stimulated by cholinergic denervation rescues expression of two forms of long-term depression at layer 2/3 synapses
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ERK; LTD; m1 mAChR; m3 mAChR; sympathetic sproutingAD, Alzheimer's disease; aCSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CCh, carbachol; ChAT, choline acetyl transferase; 4-DAMP, 1,1-Dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide; DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide; ERK, e
RNF24, a new TRPC interacting protein, causes the intracellular retention of TRPC
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ARD, ankyrin-repeats domain; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CCh, carbachol; EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; FBS, foetal bovine serum; GST, glutathione S-transferase; HA, hemagglutinin antigen; HBSS, Hepes buffered salt solution; IP3, inositol 1,4,5-
Individual and additive effects of neuromodulators on the slow components of afterhyperpolarization currents in layer V pyramidal cells of the rat medial prefrontal cortex
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AC, accommodating; ACh, acetylcholine; ADP, afterdepolarization; AHP, afterhyperpolarization; BK channel, large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel; CCh, carbachol; DA, dopamine; 5-HT, serotonin; NA, noradrenaline; IsADP, slow afterdepolarization curren
Multi-photon microscopic imaging of rat parotid ducts demonstrates cellular heterogeneity in Ca2+ responsiveness
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Epi, epinephrine; [Ca2+]i, intracellular Ca2+; PhL, phenylephrine; CCh, carbachol; IP3, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; BSA, bovine serum albumin; fura-2/AM, fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester; HBSS-H, Hanks’ balanced salt solution buffered with 20 mM HEPES; IP3Rs,
Effects of carbachol on lead-induced impairment of the long-term potentiation/depotentiation in rat dentate gyrus in vivo
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; BBB, blood-brain barrier; Ca2+, calcium; CCh, carbachol; DG, dentate gyrus; DP, depotentiation; EPSP, excitatory postsynaptic potential; HFS, high frequency stimulation; I/O function, input/output function; LFS, low frequency stim
Pharmacological actions of isoprostane metabolites and phytoprostanes in human and bovine pulmonary smooth muscles
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; ASM, airway smooth muscle; CCh, carbachol; EP, prostaglandin e-selective prostanoid receptor; FP, prostaglandin F2(-selective prostanoid receptor; 15-F2t-IsoP, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a or IPF2A-III, L-NNA; N-ω-nitro-l-arginine; PASM, pulmonary arterial smo
Cholinergic suppression of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal region CA3 exhibits laminar selectivity: Implication for hippocampal network dynamics
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; perforant path; recurrent collaterals; presynaptic; muscarinic; acetylcholineAch, acetylcholine; CCh, carbachol; fEPSP, field excitatory post synaptic potential; PPF, paired pulse facilitation; SLM, stratum lacunosum-moleculare; SR, stratum radiatum
Demonstration of Functional Neuronal β3-Adrenoceptors Within the Enteric Nervous System
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; β3-AR, β3-adrenoceptor; CCh, carbachol; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase
Comparative pharmacological analysis of Rho-kinase inhibitors and identification of molecular components of Ca2+ sensitization in the rat lower urinary tract
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; CCh, carbachol; EFS, electrical field stimulation; ET-1, endothelin-1; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GEFs, guanine nucleotide exchange factors; HA-1077, (5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)homopiperazine; H-1152, (S)-(+)-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5-iso
Proteinase-activated receptors 1 and 2 in rat olfactory system: Layer-specific regulation of multiple signaling pathways in the main olfactory bulb and induction of neurite retraction in olfactory sensory neurons
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; proteinase-activated receptors; receptor signaling; olfactory bulb layers; olfactory sensory neurons; neuritogenesisAC III, adenylyl cyclase type III; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CaMKII, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; CCh, carbachol; EPL,
Alcohol-Induced Protein Kinase Cα Phosphorylation of Munc18c in Carbachol-Stimulated Acini Causes Basolateral Exocytosis
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Atp, atropine; BPM, basolateral plasma membrane; Cch, carbachol; CD, control diet; ED, ethanol diet; EM, electron microscopy; HS, hot spots; KRH, Krebs–Ringer-HEPES; LPM, lateral plasma membrane; PKC, protein kinase C; SNAP-23, synapse-associated protein
Involvement of Na+/H+ exchanger in the calcium signaling in epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AO, acridine orange; EIPA, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride; [Ca2+]i, intracellular free calcium concentration; Cao2+, extracellular calcium; Cch, carbachol; Nao+, extracellular sodium; H7, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine; InsPs, inositol p
Activation of muscarinic M4 receptor augments NGF-induced pro-survival Akt signaling in PC12 cells
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; mAChR, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; NGF, nerve growth factor; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase; CCh, carbachol; PTX, pertussis toxin; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; EGF, epid
TRPC1 protects human SH-SY5Y cells against salsolinol-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; PD, Parkinson's disease; MAOB, Monoamine oxidase B; AD, Alzheimer's disease; SOCE, Store-operated calcium entry; Cch, carbachol; Tg, thapsigarginSalsolinol; Carbachol; Thapsigargin; Apoptosis; Neuroprote
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate oligodendrocyte progenitor survival through Src-like tyrosine kinases and PI3K/Akt pathways
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; Oligodendrocytes; Muscarinic receptors; Myelin; Survival; PI3K; Akt; MAPK; SrcACh, acetylcholine; CCh, carbachol; mAChR, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; BSA, bovine serum albumin fraction V; CNS, central nervous s
Presenilin mutations linked to familial Alzheimer's disease reduce endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus calcium levels
Keywords: CCh، کارباکول; AD, Alzheimer's disease; FAD, familial form of Alzheimer's disease; Aβ, amyloid β-peptide; APP, amyloid precursor protein; PS, presenilin; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; IP3, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; Bk, bradykinin; Hist, histamine; Cch, carbachol; Tg, t