Keywords: NMR, naked mole-rat; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; LC3, microtubule-associate protein 1A/1B-light chain 3; UPS, ubiquitin–proteasome system; PGPH, post-glutamyl peptide-hydrolyzing; ChT-L, chymotrypsin-like; HSP, heat shock protein; ALP, autophagy–