Helminths and our immune system: Friend or foe?
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Helminth; Nematode; Trematode; Plasmodium; Immunity; Autoimmunity, Allergy; Vaccination; Co-infection
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Effect of race and HIV co-infection upon treatment prescription for hepatitis C virus
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Hepatitis C virus; HIV; Co-infection; Treatment rates; Racial disparity
Effect of two satellite RNAs on Nicotiana glutinosa infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; Symptoms attenuation; Physiologic change; Gene expression
High prevalence of co-infections with bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 found in cattle in southern Brazil
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Bovine herpesvirus; BoHV-1; BoHV-5; PCR; Latency; Prevalence; Co-infection
Assembly of mixed rod-like and spherical particles from group I and II RNA bacteriophage coat proteins
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; RNA bacteriophage; Levivirus; Co-infection; Tubular structure; Virus assembly
Effect of dose and challenge routes of Vibrio spp. on co-infection with white spot syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; Challenge route; Dose; Shrimp; Vibrio; WSSV
Modulation of malaria-induced immunopathology by concurrent gastrointestinal nematode infection in mice
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; Plasmodium; Malaria; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Pathology; Th2 cytokines; Immunopathology
Filarial infection induces protection against P. berghei liver stages in mice
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Malaria; Filariasis; Co-infection; Sporozoites; IL-10
Ascaris suum infection negatively affects the response to a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination and subsequent challenge infection in pigs
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Ascaris suum; Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; Vaccination; ELISA; Gene expression; Lung pathology; Co-infection
Intervention strategies for an influenza pandemic taking into account secondary bacterial infections
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Influenza pandemic; Epidemic control; Co-infection; Antiviral and antibacterial treatment and prophylaxis; Mathematical model;
Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus interaction in Huh-7 cells
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HCV; hepatitis C virus; HBV; hepatitis B virus; GFP; green fluorescent protein; HBsAg; hepatitis B virus surface antigen; HBcAg; hepatitis B virus core antigen; ER; endoplasmic reticulum; HCVcc; cell-culture propagated HCV; HCVpp; HCV pseudoparticles; HBV
Impact of porcine group A rotavirus co-infection on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus pathogenicity in piglets
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; Porcine group A rotavirus; Co-infection; Synergistic effect; Pathogenicity
Multiple-strain infections of Trypanosoma brucei across Africa
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Trypanosoma brucei; Microsatellites; Co-infection; Multiple infection; Strains; Isolates; Sleeping sickness; Nagana;
Eimeria praecox infection ameliorates effects of Eimeria maxima infection in chickens
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; E. praecox; E. maxima; Co-infection; Clinical effects
Neospora caninum: Detection in wild rabbits and investigation of co-infection with Toxoplasma gondii by PCR analysis
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Apicomlexa; Neospora caninum; Toxoplasma gondii; PCR; Co-infection; Rabbit; Wildlife; DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; IFAT, indirect florescent test; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SAG, surface antigen gene; TE, Tris
HCV NS3/4A protein activates HIV-1 transcription from its long terminal repeat
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LTR, long terminal repeat; NS, nonstructural proteinHCV; HIV; Co-infection; NS3/4A; HIV-1 LTR; AP-1
Immuno-epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni infections in endemic populations co-infected with soil-transmitted helminths: Present knowledge, challenges, and the need for further studies
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Schistosoma mansoni; Soil-transmitted helminths; Co-infection; Humans; Immune response; Brazil
Application of transient elastometry to differentiate mild from moderate to severe liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HIV; human immunodeficiency virus; HCV; hepatitis C virus; TE; transient elastometry; LS; liver stiffness; HAART; highly active antirretroviral therapy; ROC; receiver-operating-characteristic; S; sensitivity; Sp; specificity; PPV; positive predictive valu
Counter-regulatory anti-parasite cytokine responses during concurrent Plasmodium yoelii and intestinal helminth infections in mice
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Malaria; Helminths; Co-infection; Plasmodium yoelii; Echinostoma caproni; Heligmosomoides polygyrus; IFN-γ; IL-4; Cytokines; Immune regulation; Trematode; Nematode
Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in individuals infected with the HIV
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; HIV; HCV; Risk factors
Co-infection par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine et le virus de l’hépatite C
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Virus de l’hépatite C; Virus de l’immunodéficience humaine; Co-infection; Bithérapie pégyléeHepatitis C virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Co-infection; Pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination
Cryptosporidium parvum: The course of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in C57BL/6 mice co-infected with the nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; C. parvum; H. bakeri; H. polygyrus; Co-infection; Course of infection; IFN-γ; IL-12; Immunomodulation
Facilitation of avoidance behaviour in mice chronically treated with heroin or methadone
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Leishmania donovani; Brugia malayi; BmAFII; Hamsters; Co-infection; NO; LTT
Influence of Brugia malayi life stages and BmAFII fraction on experimental Leishmania donovani infection in hamsters
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Leishmania donovani; Brugia malayi; BmAFII; Hamsters; Co-infection; NO; LTT
Parasite co-infection and interaction as drivers of host heterogeneity
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; Age-intensity relationship; Frequency distribution; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Myxoma poxvirus; Immunity; Seasonality;
Occurrence and species level diagnostics of Campylobacter spp., enteric Helicobacter spp. and Anaerobiospirillum spp. in healthy and diarrheic dogs and cats
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Campylobacter; Helicobacter; Anaerobiospirillum; Co-infection; Diagnostic; Antibiotic resistance
Early infection with Leishmania major restrains pathogenic response to Leishmania amazonensis and parasite growth
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Protozoan parasites; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Co-infection; Cellular recruitment
Mosquito cells accommodate balanced, persistent co-infections with a densovirus and Dengue virus
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; AalDNV; Densovirus; Dengue virus; C6/36 cells; Persistent infection; Simultaneous dual infection; Co-infection
Real-time Taqman PCR targeting 14 human papilloma virus types
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HPV subtype; Cervical dysplasia; Co-infection; Linear Array
Intra-abdominal co-infection with Mycobacterium bovis and Actinomyces in an AIDS patient: The first reported case and review
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Abdominal infection; Co-infection; Mycobacterium bovis; Tuberculosis; Actinomycosis; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; AIDS;
Dichotomous effects of C–C chemokines in HIV-1 pathogenesis
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Homeostasis; Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand-2; Human immunodeficiency virus; Long-term non-progressors; C–C chemokine receptor 5; HIV viremia; Co-infection; HAART
Competition and reproduction in mixed infections of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Bacillus spp.
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus thuringiensis; Co-infection; Competition; Mixed infection; Reproduction
Interspecific antagonism and virulence in hosts exposed to two parasite species
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Biomphalaria; Co-infection; Echinostoma; Schistosoma; Virulence;
NS5A protein of HCV enhances HBV replication and resistance to interferon response
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HBV; HCV; Co-infection; Interferon; HBV replication; Viral gene expression
Influence of viral chronic hepatitis co-infection on plasma drug concentrations and liver transaminase elevations upon therapy switch in HIV-positive patients
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HIV; Co-infection; Hepatotoxicity; Plasma drug concentration;
Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in Asia
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Tuberculosis; HIV; AIDS; Asia; Epidemiology; Immune reconstitution syndrome; Co-infection
Up-regulation of hepatitis C virus replication by human T cell leukemia virus type I-encoded Tax protein
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HCV; HTLV-I; Co-infection; Replication
Identification of bacteria from clinical samples using Bartonella alpha-Proteobacteria growth medium
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Co-infection; Fastidious bacteria; Insect growth medium
Co-infection of the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) with Staphylococcus aureus and influenza A virus results in synergistic disease
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Cotton Rat; Sigmodon hispidus; Influenza; Staphylococcus aureus; Co-infection
Isolation and characterization of a rhabdovirus from co-infection of two viruses in mandarin fish
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Mandarin fish; Co-infection; Rhabdovirus; SCRV; N gene; Vesiculovirus
Mixed infection with Trypanoplasma borreli and Trypanosoma carassii induces protection: Involvement of cross-reactive antibodies
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Mixed infection; Co-infection; Co-evolution; Cross-reactive antibodies; FishAP, alkaline phosphatase; DAB, diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; HSP, heat-shock protein; NBT/BCIP, nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride/5-bromo-4-chlor
Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Hepatitis C; hepatitis B; HIV; Prevalence; Co-infection
Post mortem parasitological evaluation of dogs seroreactive for Leishmania from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Leishmania; Dog; Diagnosis; Co-infection
Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected neutrophils enhance transmigration of Borrelia burgdorferi across the human blood brain barrier in vitro
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi; Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Endothelial cells; Neutrophils; Co-infection
HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis co-infections among patients attending the STD clinics of district hospitals in Northern India
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; HIV/AIDS; STDs; HBV; HCV; Co-infection; India
Leprosy and confinement due to leprosy show high association with hepatitis C in Southern Brazil
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Leprosy; Hepatitis C; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human T lymphotropic virus; Brazil; Co-infection
Co-cutaneous infection in a dog: PCR-reverse identification of Candida tropicalis on skin biopsy
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Dog; Co-infection; Leishmania infantum; Candida tropicalis; PCR-reverse diagnosisChien; Co-infection; Leishmania infantum; Candida tropicalis; Diagnostic par PCR-inverse
The compatibility of a nucleopolyhedrosis virus control with resistance management for Bacillus thuringiensis: Co-infection and cross-resistance studies with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; AcMNPV; Bacillus thuringiensis; Co-infection; Cry1Ac; Genetically modified crop; IPM; NPV; Pathogen–pathogen interactions; Plutella xylostella; Resistance management
Natural history and predictors of severity of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; hepatitis C; HIV; co-infection; interaction
Mycobacterium xenopi multiplies within human macrophages and enhances HIV replication in vitro
Keywords: عفونت مشترک; Mycobacterium xenopi; HIV; Virulence; Opportunistic infection; Co-infection