Sympathetic nerves bridge the cross-transmission in hemifacial spasm
Keywords: AMR, abnormal muscle response; ZLR, Z-L response; ECA, external carotid artery; EMG, electromyogram; HFS, hemifacial spasm; MVD, microvascular decompression; REZ, root exit zoneHemifacial spasm; Facial nerve; Sympathetic nerve; Offending artery; Cross-tra