Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; ASM, airway smooth muscle; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β-agonist; MLCK, myosin light chain kinase; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
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Roflumilast for the Treatment of COPD in an Asian Population : A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; ACROSS, A COPD Study Investigating Roflumilast on Safety and Effectiveness; AE, adverse event; ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β2 agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; OD, once daily; PDE4, phosph
Benefits of High-Dose N-Acetylcysteine to Exacerbation-Prone Patients With COPD
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; BRONCHUS, Bronchitis Randomized on N-Acetylcysteine Cost-Utility Study; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; GSH, glutathione; H2 O2, hydrogen peroxide; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β-agonist; LAMA, long-acting m
Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Risk of Pneumonia in People With Asthma : A Case-Control Study
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection
Characteristics of Undertreatment in COPD in the General Population
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; CGPS, Copenhagen General Population Study; DRMPS, Danish Registry of Medicinal Product Statistics; GP, general practitioner; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β2-agonist; LAMA, long-acting anticholinergic; SABA, short-acting β2-agonist; SAMA,
Genetic ancestry and its association with asthma exacerbations among African American subjects with asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; continental population groups; African continental ancestry group; genetic association study; health status disparities; minority healthAIM, Ancestry informative marker; ED, Emergency department; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; RR, Relative rate; SAP
Childhood asthma management guided by repeated FeNO measurements: a meta-analysis
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; CI, confidence interval; FeNO, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; SD, standard deviationAsthma; Child; Corticosteroid; Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide; Meta-analysis
Clinical characteristics of women with menstrual-linked asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Allergy; Asthma; Human; Menstrual cycle; RespiratoryFEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LTRA, leukotriene receptor antagonist; LABA, long acting B2-agonist; MLA, menstrual-linked asthma; PEF, pea
New approaches to personalized medicine for asthma: Where are we?
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Personalized medicine; asthma; genomics; pharmacogenomics; drug treatment; whole genome sequencingED, Emergency department; 5-LO, 5-Lipoxygenase; GWAS, Genome-wide association study; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-acting β2-agonist; NAEPP, Nation
Steroid requirements and immune associations with vitamin D are stronger in children than adults with asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Vitamin D; asthma; corticosteroidsBMI, Body mass index; Cyp24a, Cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily a; DEX, Dexamethasone; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; VDR, Vitamin D receptor
Urinary leukotriene E4 levels identify children with tobacco smoke exposure at risk for asthma exacerbation
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; biomarker; exacerbation; leukotriene E4; secondhand smokeCysLT, Cysteinyl leukotriene; ED, Emergency department; Feno, Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LTE4, Leukotriene E4; SHS, Secondhand smoke; UC, Urgent care; uLT
Combined treatment with formoterol and tiotropium is more efficacious than treatment with tiotropium alone in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, regardless of smoking status, inhaled corticosteroid use, baseline severity, or gender
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Bronchodilators; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1; Formoterol; tiotropiumFOR, Formoterol; TIO, tiotropium; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vitals
Therapeutic strategies to reduce asthma exacerbations
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; treatment; inhaled corticosteroids; leukotriene antagonist; long-acting β2-agonists; anti-IgEHRV, Human rhinovirus; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-acting inhaled β2-agonist
The effect of stepping down combination therapy on airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; Airway hyperresponsiveness; Mannitol; Long acting beta2-agonist; AdolescentsCI, Confidence Interval; FeNO, Fraction of exhaled Nitric Oxide; FEV1, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s; ICS, Inhaled Corticosteroid; LABA, Long Acting Beta2-Agonist; PD15,
Tiotropium is noninferior to salmeterol in maintaining improved lung function in B16-Arg/Arg patients with asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Arginine/arginine genotype; β2-agonist receptor; muscarinic receptor; airway obstruction; bronchodilatorsADRB2, β2-Adrenergic receptor gene; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist;
What effect does asthma treatment have on airway remodeling? Current perspectives
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; asthma treatment; remodeling; corticosteroids; inflammation; anti-IgE; omalizumab; anti–TNF-α; golimumab; anti–IL-5; mepolizumabAHR, Airway hyperresponsiveness; ASM, Airway smooth muscle; ECM, Extracellular matrix; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LAB
Adherence to inhaled corticosteroids: Comparison of available therapies
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Adherence; Asthma; Inhaled corticosteroids; Inhaler; SafetyCFC, chlorofluorocarbon; DPI, dry powder inhaler; EPR-3, third expert panel report; HFA, hydrofluoroalkane; HPA, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LTRA, leukotriene rece
Decreased serum vitamin D levels in children with asthma are associated with increased corticosteroid use
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Vitamin D; children; asthmaDEX, Dexamethasone; FVC, forced vital capacity; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; MKP-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1; TSST, toxic shock syndrome toxin; VitD, vitamin D
A trial of clarithromycin for the treatment of suboptimally controlled asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; infection; antibioticACQ, Asthma Control Questionnaire; ACRN, Asthma Clinical Research Network; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; NHLBI, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; PCR, Polymerase chain reaction
The immunostimulant OM-85 BV prevents wheezing attacks in preschool children
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Wheezing; OM-85 BV; childrenARTI, Acute respiratory tract illness; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid
Effect of pretreatment with omalizumab on the tolerability of specific immunotherapy in allergic asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Omalizumab; allergic asthma; immunotherapy; systemic allergic reactions; cluster immunotherapy; cat; dog; house dust mitesAE, Adverse event; CMH, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel; HDM, House dust mite; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; PEFR, Peak expiratory flow rate;
The effect of aspirin desensitization on novel biomarkers in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory diseases
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; biomarkers; IL-4; MMP-9; FLT3 ligandAERD, Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; CSS, Chronic Sinusitis Survey; cysLT1, Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1; FeNO, Exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; L
Airflow limitation and airway dimensions assessed per bronchial generation in older asthmatics
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Airway remodeling; HRCT; Pulmonary functionAi, inner luminal area; Ao, outer area of the bronchus; BSA, body surface area; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CT, computed tomography; Di, inner diameter; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; IgE, Immunogl
Airway obstructive diseases in older adults: From detection to treatment
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; COPD; elderly; obstructive lung diseaseBHR, Bronchial responsiveness; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FVC, Forced vital capacity; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-ac
The Use of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in the Diagnosis of Asthma in School Children
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; AUC, Area under the receiver operating curve; eos%, Percentage of eosinophils; FeNO, Fractional exhaled nitric oxide; FEV1, Forced expiratory volume in 1 second; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; NPV, Negative predictive value; ppb, Parts per billion; PPV, Pos
Thirteen-year follow-up of early intervention with an inhaled corticosteroid in patients with asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; asthma control; budesonide; early intervention; inhaled corticosteroids; prebronchodilator FEV1; terbutalineECP, Eosinophilic cationic protein; FENO, Fractionated exhaled nitric oxide; FVC, Forced vital capacity; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; PC15,
Efficacy of leukotriene receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors in asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; treatment; leukotrienes; antagonists; synthesis inhibitors; treatment guidelinesCysLT, Cysteinyl leukotriene; CysLTER, Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E; EIB, Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-acting inha
Omalizumab for the treatment of exacerbations in children with inadequately controlled allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; omalizumab; IgE; allergic; anti-IgE; exacerbation; child; pediatricAE, Adverse event; GCP, Good Clinical Practice; GETE, Global evaluation of treatment effectiveness; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; ITT, Intent-to-treat; LABA, Long-acting β2-agonist;
Adolescents and asthma: Why bother with our meds?
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; adolescent; adherence; inhaled corticosteroidDAL, Diskus Adherence Logger; ED, Emergency department; F/S, Fluticasone/salmeterol; HBM, Health Belief Model; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid
Comparative in vitro evaluation of four corticosteroid metered dose inhalers: Consistency of delivered dose and particle size distribution
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Inhaled corticosteroid; Pressurized metered dose inhaler; Particle size distribution; Laser diffraction; Delivered dosepMDI, pressurized metered dose inhaler; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; PSD, particle size distribution; CFC, chlorofluorocarbon; HFA, hydr
The Effects of Smoking on the Lipopolysaccharide Response and Glucocorticoid Sensitivity of Alveolar Macrophages of Patients With Asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; AM, alveolar macrophage; ANS, asthmatic nonsmoker; ASM, asthmatic smoker; CO, carbon monoxide; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GC, glucocorticoid; IC50, inhibitory concentration of 50%; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; IL, interleukin; LPS, lipopoly
Addressing asthma health disparities: A multilevel challenge
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma disparities; multi-level model of asthma disparities; clinical recommendationsED, Emergency department; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; NLW, Non-Latino white; SES, Socioeconomic status
Antiinflammatory Effects of Long-Acting β2-Agonists in Patients With Asthma : A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; CI, confidence interval; ECP, eosinophilic cationic protein; ENO, exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; IL, interleukin; LABA, long-acting β2-agonist; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SMD, standardized mean difference
Exhaled nitric oxide distinguishes between subgroups of preschool children with respiratory symptoms
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Exhaled nitric oxide; early childhood asthma; infants; young childrenAR, Airway responsiveness; FeNO, Fractional exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; NO, Nitric oxide
Improved overall trends but persistent racial disparities in emergency department visits for acute asthma, 1993-2005
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; disparities; emergency department; epidemiology; public healthED, Emergency department; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; NAEPP, National Asthma Education and Pr
Prospective Study of Inhaled Corticosteroid Use, Cardiovascular Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in Asthmatic Women
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; all-cause mortality; asthma; cardiovascular mortality; inhaled corticosteroidsCI, confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; OR, odds ratio
Advances in the care of adults with asthma and allergy in 2007
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; adults; atopy; health disparities; therapeutics; adherence; inhaled corticosteroids; omalizumab; pregnancy; menopauseAMA, Against medical advice; EPR-3, Expert Panel Report 3; FEV1pp, FEV1 percent predicted; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid
Negative affect, medication adherence, and asthma control in children
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; control; children; affect; adherenceCDI, Children's Depression Inventory; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; ED, Emergency department; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; MDI, Metered-dose inhaler; RCMAS, Revised Children's Manifes
Nitrative stress in refractory asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Refractory asthma; induced sputum; steroids; nitrotyrosine; reactive oxygen specieseNO, Exhaled nitric oxide; HDAC 2, Histone deacetylase 2; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase; NO, Nitric oxide; RNS, Reactive nitrogen speci
Exposure to tobacco smoke increases leukotriene E4–related albuterol usage and response to montelukast
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; children; cysteinyl leukotrienes; LTE4; FENO; montelukastCysLT, Cysteinyl leukotriene; ETS, Environmental tobacco smoke; FENO, Fractional exhaled nitric oxide; GEE, Generalized estimating equation; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; IQR, Interquartile r
The Inhaled Steroid Treatment As Regular Therapy in Early Asthma (START) study 5-year follow-up: Effectiveness of early intervention with budesonide in mild persistent asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Mild persistent asthma; recent-onset asthma; budesonide dry-powder inhaler; inhaled corticosteroidCAMP, Childhood Asthma Management Program; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; OR, Odds ratio; PEAK, Prevention of Early Asthma in Kids; SARE, Severe asthma-related
Age-Related Changes in Eosinophil Function in Human Subjects
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; aging; asthma; eosinophil; immunosenescenceEDN, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fMLP, formyl- methionine, leucine, phenylalanine; HBSS, HEPES-buffered saline solution; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; IL, interleukin;
Sputum indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase activity is increased in asthmatic airways by using inhaled corticosteroids
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase; kynurenine; inhaled corticosteroid; IL-10DTT, Dithiothreitol; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; IDO, Indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase; LABA, Long-acting β2-agonist
The Use of Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Pulmonary Practice
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; asthma; exhaled nitric oxide; practice managementATS, American Thoracic Society; BCBS, Blue Cross and Blue Shield; ERS, European Respiratory Society; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; FeNO, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid
Host immune responses to rhinovirus: Mechanisms in asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; exacerbation; rhinovirus; immune response to virus; pathogenesisEC, Epithelial cell; ICAM-1, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; IP, Inducible protein; LT, Leukotriene; MIP, Macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES, Regu
Asthma treatment and asthma prevention: A tale of 2 parallel pathways
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; bronchial; hyperresponsiveness; inhaled corticosteroids; lung function; remodelingBHR, Bronchial hyperresponsiveness; CAMP, Childhood Asthma Management Program; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; NHLBI, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; PEAK, P
Exposure of infants to budesonide through breast milk of asthmatic mothers
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Pulmicort; budesonide; asthma; breast milkAUC, Area under the curve; Cav, Average steady-state concentration; Cmax, Maximum concentration; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LC-APCI-MS/MS, Liquid chromatography and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tande
Advances in pediatric asthma 2006
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; Asthma; severe asthma; early intervention in asthma; biomarkers; therapeuticsBDR, Bronchodilator response; eNO, Exhaled nitric oxide; FVC, Forced vital capacity; ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, Long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist; LT, Leukotriene; LTRA,
Association Between Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation and Airflow Limitation in Adults With Asthma
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; asthma; eosinophil; induced sputum; lung function; neutrophilCI, confidence interval; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; PC20, provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1
Portable Exhaled Nitric Oxide Measurement
Keywords: ICS، کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی; asthma; exhaled nitric oxideAUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; FENO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; ppb, parts per billion; ROC, receiver operating characteristic