Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; DMH, dorsal medial hypothalamus; IHC, immunohistochemistry; IHH, intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia; ir, immunoreactive; LH, lateral hypothalamic area; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; Ox, orexin; OxA, orexin A; OxB, orexin B; OXR, orexin receptor; OX1R, orexi
مقالات ISI IR، immunoreactive (ترجمه نشده)
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Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CCI, chronic constriction injury; CoCl, cobalt chloride; DβH, dopamine β-hydroxylase; GEE, generalized estimating equation; ir, immunoreactive; LH, lateral hypothalamus; NE, norepinephrine; PWL, paw withdrawal latency; SNRI, serotonin norepinephrine reupt
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; AAV, adeno-associated virus; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; IR, immunoreactive; NF200, neurofilament 200; NSE, Neuron-Specific Enolase; PB, phosphate buffer; PFA, paraformaldehyde; qRT-PCR, quantitative RT-PCR; RIPA, radioimmunoassa
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; BLD, bright light/dark; DLD, dim light/dark; ir, immunoreactive; LD, light/dark cycle; OXA, orexin-A peptide; OX1R, orexin-1 receptor; PaVN, paraventricular nucleus; PeVN, periventricular nucleus; SP, short photoperiod; SST, somatostatin; TH, tyrosine hyd
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CART, cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript; IR, immunoreactive; NF, nerve fibres; IP, immunopositiveCART (cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript); Pancreas; Cattle; Immunohistochemistry
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; VGSCs, Voltage-gated sodium channels; CCI, chronic constriction injury; POW, post-operative week; END, epidermal nerve density; PGP 9.5, protein gene product 9.5; GAP-43, growth-associated protein 43; IR, immunoreactive; DRG, dorsal root ganglionNerve dec
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CORT, corticosterone; EB, estradiol benzoate; ER, estradiol receptor alpha; FAA, food-anticipatory activity; icv, intracerebroventricular; IR, immunoreactive; MB, maternal behavior; OT, oxytocin; OVX, ovariectomized; POA, preoptic area; PR, progesterone r
Alteration of enteric monoamines with monoamine receptors and colonic dysmotility in 6-hydroxydopamine–induced Parkinson's disease rats
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; β-AR, β-adrenoceptor; DA, dopamine; DAT, dopamine transporter; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GI, gastrointestinal; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; IR, immunoreactive; NE, norepinephrine; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; PD, Parkinson's disease; SN
Novel spinal pathways identified by neuronal c-Fos expression after urethrogenital reflex activation in female guinea pigs
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CC, central autonomic nuclei; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; FSD, female sexual dysfunction; GLM, general linear model; IR, immunoreactive; IML, intermediolateral; LH, lateral horn; UB, urethral balloon; UGR, ureth
Neuroimmunopathology of Trypanosoma cruzi-induced megaoesophagus: Is there a role for mast cell proteases?
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; MC, mast cell; IR, immunoreactive; ENS, enteric nervous system; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; PGP, protein gene product 9.5; IHC, immunohistochemistry
Acute exercise-induced activation of Phox2b-expressing neurons of the retrotrapezoid nucleus in rats may involve the hypothalamus
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ANOVA, analysis of variance; ccRTN, chemically-coded retrotrapezoid nucleus neurons; c-Fos-ir, c-Fos immunoreactive; CPG, central pattern generator; DMH, dorsal medial hypothalamus; FG, Fluoro-Gold; ir, immunoreactive; PaCO2PaCO2, partial pressure of arte
Repeated forced swim stress enhances CFA-evoked thermal hyperalgesia and affects the expressions of pCREB and c-Fos in the insular cortex
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; AIC, anterior insular cortex; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CFA, complete Freund’s adjuvant; FS, forced swim stress; IC, insular cortex; IEG, immediate early gene; IR, immunoreactive; PAG, periaque
Efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus based on the distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) immunoreactive fibers in the hypothalamus of Sapajus apella
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; AHA, anterior hypothalamic area; ARC, arcuate nucleus; AVPV, anteroventral periventricular nucleus; DAB, 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride; DMH, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; Ir, immunoreactive; LH, lateral hypothalamu
Functional distinction between NGF-mediated plasticity and regeneration of nociceptive axons within the spinal cord
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; IR, immunoreactive; pfu, number of infectious particles; PWL, paw withdrawal latencies; vp, viral particlesplasticity; regeneration; nerve growth factor; hyperalgesia; nociceptor
Potassium channels in the central nervous system of the snail, Helix pomatia: Localization and functional characterization
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; BDS-II, blood-depressing substance; BSA, bovine serum albumin; DAB, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine; IHC, immunohistochemistry; IR, immunoreactive; K+, potassium; PB, phosphate buffer; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PC, procerebrum; TBS, tris-buffered saline; TEA,
Distribution of Fos-immunoreactive cells in rat forebrain and midbrain following social defeat stress and diazepam treatment
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BAT, brown adipose tissue; BNST, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; IR, immunoreactive; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PG, prostaglandin; PSH, psychological stress-induced hyperthermia; Tc, body
Tuberal hypothalamic expression of the glial intermediate filaments, glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin across the turkey hen (Meleagris gallopavo) reproductive cycle: Further evidence for a role of glial structural plasticity in seasonal reprod
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; LD, long day; ir, immunoreactive; IA, infundibular area; ME, median eminence; ME-IZ, internal zone of ME; ME-EZ, external zone of ME; PR, photorefractory; SD, short day; TNB-HS, Tris-NaCl-blocking reagent with horse serumMeleagris gallopavo; GnRH; Glia; G
Effort-Based Reward (EBR) training enhances neurobiological efficiency in a problem-solving task: Insights for depression therapies
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; EBR, Effort-Based Reward; DLM, dry land maze; PRT, probe trial; BrdU, bromodeoxyuridin; DG, dentate gyrus; RSC, retrosplenial cortex; PFC, prefrontal cortex; ir, immunoreactive; VTA, ventral tegmental area; NAc, nucleus accumbens; DCX, doublecortin; PBS,
The effects of neuregulin-1β on neuronal phenotypes of primary cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons by activation of PI3K/Akt
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; E, embryonic day; IR, immunoreactive; MAP2, microtubule associated protein 2; NF, neurofilament; NRG, Neuregulin; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinaseNeuregulin-1β; Calcitonin gene-related p
The age-dependent change in Olfactory periglomerular neuronal populations is not affected by interrupting subventricular neuroblast migration in adult rats
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; OB, olfactory bulb; IR, immunoreactive; CalB, calbindin; CalR, calretinin; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; RMS, rostral migratory stream; SVZ, subventricular zone; BI, barrier implanted; GAD, glutamate descarboxylase; PB, phosphate bufferPeriglomerular neurons;
Cell-specific expression of calcineurin immunoreactivity within the rat basolateral amygdala complex and colocalization with the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; BL, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus; BLA, basolateral amygdaloid complex; CaMKII, calcium-calmodulin kinase II; CaN, calcineurin; ir, immunoreactive; LA, lateral amygdaloid nucleus; NDS, normal donkey serum; NPY, neuropeptide Y; PBS, phosphate buffered sal
17α-Ethinylestradiol and nonylphenol affect the development of forebrain GnRH neurons through an estrogen receptors-dependent pathway
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; AroB, aromatase B; dpf, days post-fertilization; EDC, endocrine disrupting chemical; ER, estrogen receptor; EE2, ethinylestradiol; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone; ir, immunoreactive; NP, nonylphenolGonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH); Aromatase B
Temporal assessment of traumatic axonal injury in the rat corpus callosum and optic chiasm
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; β-APP, beta amyloid precursor protein; CC, corpus callosum; DAI, diffuse axonal injury; IAT, impaired axoplasmic transport; IR, immunoreactive; NFC, neurofilament compaction; NF-M, neurofilament medium; Och, optic chiasm; TAI, traumatic axonal injury; TBI
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in spinal astrocytes and microglia contributes to cancer-induced bone pain in rats
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IR, immunoreactive; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; P
Regional c-Fos and FosB/ΔFosB expression associated with chronic methamphetamine self-administration and methamphetamine-seeking behavior in rats
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; methamphetamine; self-administration; c-Fos; FosB; orexin; addictionANOVA, analysis of variance; BNST, bed nucleus of stria terminalis; CPu, caudate putamen; IR, immunoreactive; METH, methamphetamine; NAc, nucleus accumbens; PB, phosphate buffer; PBH, pho
Altered DARPP-32 expression in the superior temporal gyrus in schizophrenia
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; DAB, diaminobenzidine; DARPP-32, dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32KD; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; DOI, duration of illness; IR, immunoreactive; MMN, mismatch negativities; NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; PBS, phosphate buffered saline;
Contralateral neuropathology in dorsal root ganglia in a rat model of noncompressive disc herniation
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ATF3, activating transcription factor 3; DRG, dorsal root ganglia; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IR, immunoreactive; NP, nucleus pulposus; NGF, nerve growth factor; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; TNF-alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VRT, vent
Sensory innervation of the thoracolumbar fascia in rats and humans
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; thoracolumbar fascia; low back pain; immunohistochemistry; sensory innervation; nociception; peptidergic free nerve endingsCGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; IL, inner layer; ir, immunoreactive; IR, immunoreactivity; ML, middle layer; OL, outer layer;
Investigation of gastrin-releasing peptide as a mediator for 5′-guanidinonaltrindole-induced compulsive scratching in mice
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; DRGs, dorsal root ganglia; GNTI, 5′-guanidinonaltrindole; GRP, gastrin-releasing peptide; GRPR(s), gastrin-releasing peptide receptor(s); IHC, immunohistochemistry; ir, immunoreactive; norBNI, norbinaltorphimine; PAR2, proteinase activating receptor 2; PB
A pulse rapamycin therapy for infantile spasms and associated cognitive decline
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; CCX, cerebral cortex; DLP, doxorubicin/lipopolysaccharide/p-chlorophenylalanine treated rats; i.p., intraperitoneal; ir, immunoreactive; IS, infantile spasms; PN, postnatal day; pS6, phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6;
The effect of intracerebroventricular infusions of ghrelin and/or short fasting on the gene expression and immunoreactivity of somatostatin in the hypothalamic neurons and on pituitary growth hormone in prepubertal female lambs. Morphological arguments
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; GH, growth hormone; ir, immunoreactive; PEV, periventricular nucleus; CNS, central nervous systemGhrelin; Fasting; Hypothalamus; Somatostatin/GH axis; Sheep
Reduced expression of choline acetyltransferase in vagal motoneurons and gastric motor dysfunction in a 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; Ach, acetylcholine; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; DA, dopamine; DMV, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GI, gastrointestinal; IR, immunoreactive; MMC, migrating motor complexes; NE, noradrenaline; NGS, norm
Galanin and the orexin 2 receptor as possible regulators of enkephalin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: relation to dietary fat
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; galanin; enkephalin; orexin; paraventricular; hypothalamus; fataPVN, anterior paraventricular nucleus; ENK, enkephalin; GAL, galanin; GalR1, galanin 1 receptor; GalR2, galanin 2 receptor; HFD, high-fat diet; IR, immunoreactive; mPVN, middle paraventricula
Daily morphine injection and withdrawal disrupt 24-h wheel running and PERIOD2 expression patterns in the rat limbic forebrain
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; clock gene; dopamine; noradrenaline; quinpirole; clonidine; circadian rhythmANOVA, analysis of variance; BNSTov, oval nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; CEA, central nucleus of the amygdale; DA, dopamine; IR, immunoreactive; LD, light:dar
Distribution of retinoic acid receptor-α immunoreactivity in the human hypothalamus
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; RARα; hypothalamus; immunohistochemisty; AVP; CRHAVP, vasopressin; CRH, corticotropin releasing hormone; DBB, diagonal band of Broca; DMN, dorsomedial nucleus; FO, fornix; INF, infundibular nucleus; ir, immunoreactive; MMN, medial mamillary nucleus; NBM,
Neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine in a transgenic animal model of Huntington's disease
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; Huntington's disease; L-carnitine; AntioxidantHD, Huntington's disease; i.p., intraperitoneally; IR, immunoreactive; PBS, phosphate buffer saline
Seasonal potentiation of gill muscle contraction in four species of bivalve molluscs
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ACh, acetylcholine; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; CIM, confidence interval of mean; DA, dopamine; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; 5HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; ir, immunoreactive; L-NAME, nitro-l-arginine methyl ester;
Distribution and morphology of the catecholaminergic neural elements in the human hypothalamus
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; adrenaline; noradrenaline; epinephrine; norepinephrine; dopamine; diencephalonDAB, 3′-3′ diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride; DAT, dopamine transporter; DBH, dopamine beta-hydroxylase; IR, immunoreactive; PNMT, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase; PVN,
Analysis of the cholinergic pathology in the P301L tau transgenic pR5 model of tauopathy
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; AD, Alzheimer's disease; APP, amyloid precursor protein; ChAT, choline-acetyl transferase; FDTP-17, frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17; HDB, horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca; ir, immunoreactive; LS, lateral septa
The development of peripheral cold neural circuits based on TRPM8 expression
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; temperature; TRPM8; cold; menthol; DRG; developmentCGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; DRG, dorsal root ganglia; eGFP, green fluorescent protein; IR, immunoreactive; NGF, nerve growth factor; Trpm8GFP, trpm8 transcriptional promoter
Natural and lesion-induced apoptosis in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus during development
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ABC, avidin–biotin peroxidase complex; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; dLGN, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus; E, embryonic day; ir, immunoreactive; LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic prot
Postnatal changes in the expressions of serotonin 1A, 1B, and 2A receptors in ten brain stem nuclei of the rat: implication for a sensitive period
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; critical period; development; hypoglossal nucleus; nucleus ambiguus; pre-Bötzinger complex; respiratory nucleiAmb, nucleus ambiguus; ANOVA, analysis of variance; APB, ammonium phosphate buffer; CN, cuneate nucleus; ir, immunoreactive; NTS, solitary tract
Effect of chronic morphine on the dentate gyrus neurogenic microenvironment
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; morphine; proliferation; VEGF; BDNF; neurovasculature; neurogenic nicheBDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine; DCX, doublecortin; DG, dentate gyrus; IHC, immunohistochemistry; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IR, immunoreactive; PBS, phosp
Activation of ERK in the locus coeruleus following acute noxious stimulation
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; AP-1, activating protein-1; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CFA, complete Freund's adjuvant; CRE, cyclic AMP response element; CREB, cyclic AMP response element binding protein; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IR, immunoreactive; LC, locus coeruleu
Distribution of acid-sensing ion channel 3 in the rat hypothalamus
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ASIC3; hypothalamus; RT-PCR; Western blot; immunohistochemistryARC, arcuate nucleus; ASIC, acid-sensing ion channel; AVP, vasopressin; DMN, dorsomedial nucleus; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; ir, immunoreactive; PVN, paraventricular nucleus; RT-PCR, reverse t
Kv1.1 expression in microglia regulates production and release of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelins and nitric oxide
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; microglia; Kv1.1; proinflammatory cytokines; nitric oxide; endothelins; hypoxiaAMC, amoeboid microglial cells; Dex, dexamethasone; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ET, endothelin; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IR, immunoreactive
Neurochemistry of identified motoneurons of the tensor tympani muscle in rat middle ear
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ACh, acetylcholine; BBS, bombesin; CCK, cholecystokinin; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; CN, cochlear nucleus; END, endorphin; FG, Fluoro-Gold; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; ir, immunoreactive; leu-ENK, leu-enkephali
Noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus contribute to neuropathic pain
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; CREB; Fos; norepinephrine; saporin; dopamine β hydroxylase; ratDβH, dopamine-β-hydroxylase; ir, immunoreactive; LC, locus coeruleus; MMP, machine-mounted probe; NE, norepinephrine; pCREB, phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein; PMCC, product
Nutritional status modulates behavioural and olfactory bulb Fos responses to isoamyl acetate or food odour in rats: roles of orexins and leptin
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; olfaction; active wake; orexin receptors antagonist; leptin receptors; orexin A; immunohistochemistryBSA, bovine serum albumin; b.w., body weight; ICC, immunocytochemistry; i.c.v., intra-cerebro-ventricular; i.p., intra-peritoneal; IR, immunoreactive; OSN
Natural and lesion-induced apoptosis in the rat striatum during development
Keywords: IR، immunoreactive; ABC, avidin–biotin peroxidase complex; AD, Alzheimer's disease; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; E, embryonic day; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; HD, Huntington's disease; ir, immunoreactive; MSNs, medium spiny neurons; NGS, normal goat serum; NT-3, n