
Keywords: کد جریان ذرات; Measurement sphere; Bonded particle model; Circular opening; Flaw; Principal stress; SHWF; single-hole without flaw; SHTF; single-hole and two-flaw; THWF; two-hole without flaw; THSF; two-hole and single-flaw; PFC; particle flow code; BPM; bonded particle