Keywords: Curcumin; Osteoclastogenesis; Bone resorption; Periodontal disease; A.a; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; ABC; alveolar bone crest; α-MEM; alpha-minimum essential medium; CCM; curcumin; CEJ-ABC; cementoenamel junction-alveolar bone crest; DC-STAMP;