
Keywords: مهارکننده بازجذب سروتونین و نوراپی نفرین; DD; defecatory disorder; GI; gastrointestinal; 5-HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine; IBS; irritable bowel syndrome; NBS; narcotic bowel syndrome; OBD; opioid bowel dysfunction; OIC; opioid-induced constipation; SNRI; serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor;