
Intratracheal administration of mitochondrial DNA directly provokes lung inflammation through the TLR9–p38 MAPK pathway
Keywords: mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; nDNA, nuclear DNA; CpG, cytosine–phosphate–guanine; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; TLR9, Toll-like receptor 9; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; siRNA, small interfering