Improving the efficiency of metropolitan area transit by joint analysis of its multiple providers

Public transportation in a metropolitan area often is supplied by multiple types of transit. This paper develops and illustrates a DEA-based procedure for estimating: overall efficiency of an area’s public transportation; technical efficiencies of the individual transit types; effect of each type on overall efficiency; and efficiency of the allocation of resources among types and an algorithm for improving it. The paper concludes that the overall efficiency of an urban area’s public transportation can be validly estimated only if the technical efficiency of each major transport type and the efficiency in allocating resources among them are taken into consideration.

► Synthesis of transit agency efficiency requires analysis of each mode employed.
► We estimate efficiency of total agency and each mode, and impact of each mode on total.
► We estimate agency’s allocation efficiency, and input reallocations to improve it.