El estado de bienestar en el marco del sistema capitalista. ¿Tiene futuro o es inviable en el sistema globalizado actual?

ResumenEl importante rol que el Estado ha desempeñado en la esfera económica, política y social durante todo el siglo xx ha permitido generar una serie de reacciones a favor y en contra desde la mirada de diversas posturas ideológicas al interior del capitalismo. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar el análisis del rol del estado de bienestar al interior de la sociedad capitalista del siglo xx revisando diferentes aportes desde la mirada de sus defensores y sus opositores y partiendo del principio que todo Estado debe enfrentarse al proceso complejo que genera la interacción de diferentes estructuras sociales y las consecuencias que de esta se desprenden, que afectan a la ciudadanía.

The important role played by the State in the economic, political, and social field during the 20th Century has engendered some reactions in favor or against from the point of view of several ideological thinkers within capitalism. Regardless of the point of view from where it is observed, it can be said that it has had an influence on individual freedom, in the relationships generated around the development conception and, in general, in current social-economic growth. The aim of this article is to review the study of the welfare State role in the capitalist society in the 20th Century, analyzing different contributions from the point of view of those who defend this theory, as well as those who are opposed to it. It recognizes that every State must confront the complex process that generates the interaction of different social structures interaction and their outcome that affects the people.