A grand design of future electric vehicle to reduce urban warming and CO2 emissions in urban area

In the present study, the new environmentally-compatible vehicle was designed to mitigate urban warming, air pollution and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the urban area. Principal specifications for its optimal design will be clarified and it will be shown that urban environment is improved with dissemination of such vehicles. First, we evaluate optimal specifications of the new conceptual hybrid EV (Electric Vehicle) equipped with the flywheel and photovoltaic (PV) cell and also report the results of the driving simulation of the proposed vehicles. The energy density of the flywheel made of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) is three times higher than Pb battery, which has been used for the EVs. The most noticeable feature of the flywheel is that it has very high charging rate. By employing the flywheel and PV cell as energy regeneration, the electric power consumption rate of the vehicle can be 188 km/l in the community-driving schedule, and over 50 km/l in the long-driving schedules (the electric power consumption rate is converted to the fuel consumption rate of gasoline). Furthermore, three-dimensional computer simulation of urban atmosphere is conducted and it is shown that the dissemination of the proposed vehicle reduce the concentration of CO2 in the urban area and mitigate urban warming.