Electrochemical recovery of tin and palladium from the activating solutions of the electroless plating of polymers

The Pd(II) effect on Sn(IV) electrochemical deposition and the related figures of merit were also evaluated. At −0.4 V, the recovery of both metals separately was possible. The presence of Pd(II) enhanced Sn(IV) deposition for more positive potential values than −0.6 V. At −0.6 V, low values of total energy consumed in addition to the maximum global current efficiency (>70%) were obtained. On the other hand, quite good values of fractional conversion were obtained for both tin (100%) and palladium (>90%).