Electrochemical fabrication of ZnO-polyvinyl alcohol nanostructured hybrid film for application to urea biosensor

- Utilizing electrodeposition as a simple and controllable technique for hybrid film preparation.
- Fabrication of a novel disposable impedimetric urea biosensor based on ZnO-polymer hybrid film transducer.
- Exploiting PVA as transducer to supply OH functional groups for covalent immobilization of Urs.
- Reducing signal of negatively charged interferents at pH 7.4 by high electron density of OH groups of hybrid film.
- Application of impedimetric assessment for urea biosensing due to its rapidity, sensitivity, and repeatability.