Mindfulness meditation counteracts self-control depletion

► Extended mindfulness meditation trainings improve attention processes and the distribution of limited resources. ► Here we investigated immediate effects of mindfulness meditation on self-control when resources were low. ► Participants were either depleted or not depleted of self-control resources. ► Depleted participants performed worse on a subsequent self-control task. ► A brief period of mindfulness meditation counteracted this effect of self-control depletion.