Exporting the “Norwegian Model”: The effect of administrative design on oil sector performance

► The “Norwegian Model” separates commercial, policy, and regulatory functions in oil. ► We study ten oil-producing countries to assess the separation of functions model. ► The model is useful where there is institutional capacity and political competition. ► Consolidation of functions can work better when political power is concentrated. ► Countries with low capacity may also be better off consolidating functions.