Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part I: Technologies, energy resources, quantities and areas of infrastructure, and materials

► Replacing world energy with wind, water, and sun (WWS) reduces world power demand 30%. ► WWS for world requires only 0.41% and 0.51% more world land for footprint and spacing, respectively. ► Practical to provide 100% new energy with WWS by 2030 and replace existing energy by 2050.