Trust in elections, vote buying, and turnout in Latin America

• Electoral processes in Latin America are still affected by a series of malpractices.
• Latin American countries are characterized by very low trust in elections.
• Low trust in elections reduces the willingness to participate in national elections.
• Vote buying practices have the opposite effect of increasing electoral participation.

Although national elections in Latin America are now described as reasonably free and fair by international observations teams, electoral processes are still affected by a series of malpractices (unequal access to the media and public resources, registration problems, vote buying). These irregularities negatively affect citizens' trust in elections. In this paper, we analyze the consequences of low trust in elections and exposure to vote buying practices on electoral participation in Latin America. Using data from the 2010 wave of LAPOP surveys, we find that perceiving that the election is unfair reduces the willingness to participate in national elections, but receiving material incentives during the campaign has the opposite effect of increasing electoral participation. We also show that the effect of trust in elections on turnout is larger in countries where voting is not mandatory.