Administrer un monde incertain : les nouvelles bureaucraties techniques. Le cas des agences sanitaires en France

The creation of health agencies in France has stimulated public interventions in the managing of risks and emergencies. Health agencies are not mere technical organizations set up in response to a particular health crisis. They are political forms stemming from deeper social and political changes in public administration, scientific expertise and medicine. Part of a threefold trend toward opening administrative, scientific and medical doors, they have emerged out of the transformation of the public administration under the impact of theories about: new public management, the transparency of scientific expertise, and the development of public health. These processes are paradoxical however. They tend to favor the growth of new technical bureaucracies, whence questions about the latter's political responsibility. While agencies were supposed to reduce bureaucracy, they have broadened its borders and reinforced its structures. They constitute an intermediary space, where appear tensions between them and their supervisors. This arangement does singularly transform the balance between administrative and political powers. - Special issue: New patterns of institutions.