Buffer and anode-integrated WO3-doped In2O3 electrodes for PEDOT:PSS-free organic photovoltaics

► PEDOT:PSS-free OSCs using WO3 and In2O3 mixed electrodes was investigated. ► Buffer (WO3) and anode (In2O3) integrated transparent electrodes was developed. ► IWO electrode eliminates the use of acidic PEDOT:PSS layer for OSCs.