Piezoelectric and elastic properties of ZnF2-PbO-TeO2: TiO2 glass ceramics

► ZnF2-PbO-TeO2 glasses were crystallized with TiO2 as nucleating agent. ► Piezoelectric coefficients d33, ultrasonic velocities and elastic coefficients were measured. ► Different ferroelectric crystal phases in the glass ceramics are found to contribute to d33. ► Elastic properties were discussed in the light of different oxidation states of titanium ions.