Effect of TiX(XÂ =Â C, N, O) additives on microstructure and properties of silicon nitride based ceramics

The additives of TiC, TiN, and TiO2 do not lead to a large amount of intergranular glass pockets in the resultant Si3N4 based ceramics, and have different effects on the internal friction change with temperature. The TiO2 and TiN additives advance the transformation of α- to β-silicon nitride.