The formation of intermetallics in dissimilar Ti6Al4V/copper/AISI 316 L electron beam and Nd:YAG laser joints

► Ti6Al4V/copper/steel welds have been performed by electron beam and Nd:YAG laser. ► The nature and the localization of intermetallic phases have been studied. ► The hypothesis on relation microstructure - mechanical properties has been proposed.