Mixed model U-line balancing type-1 problem: A new approach

Avoiding work overload (imbalance) in mixed model U-line production systems entails an investigation into both balancing and sequencing problems at the same time and that is why some authors have considered both planning problems simultaneously. However because of the existing differences between planning horizons of balancing and sequencing problems (the former is a long to mid-term planning problem whereas the latter has a short term planning horizon) this simultaneous approach is only practical under very special conditions. It is also known that installation of an assembly line usually needs considerable capital investments and consequently it is necessary to design and balance such a system so that it works as efficiently as possible. To do so, in this paper, we develop a new approach to balance a mixed model U-shaped production system independent of what product sequences may be. This new approach is based on minimization of crossover workstations. Due to utilization of crossover workstations, balancing mixed model assembly lines in U-shaped line layouts is more complicated than that of straight lines. Some kind of issues including the 'model mixes' appearing in such workstations and the time taken for an operator to move from one side of the line to another increase the complexity of mixed model U-line balancing problems (MMULBP). Therefore it seems reasonable to develop a model in which minimizing the number of crossover workstations and maximizing the line efficiency are considered at the same time. Such a model is presented in this paper. In the proposed model, minimizing the variation of workload is also considered and taking into account operator's travel times, an extra time is assigned to workload of crossover workstations. Furthermore a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed and a number of well-known test problems are solved by the GA and the related results are illustrated. Finally, the conclusion is presented.