Dynamic regulation of PCNA ubiquitylation/deubiquitylation

► In this review, we discussed post-translational modifications of PCNA. ► PCNA ubiquitylation allows cells to bypass DNA damage by translesion synthesis. ► PCNA deubiquitylation after DNA damage bypass is catalyzed by USP1-UAF1. ► PCNA deubiquitylation is promoted by ELG1-RFC in mammals. ► There are alternative post-translational modifications of PCNA.