Is cure of chronic myeloid leukemia in the third millennium a down to earth target (ed) or a castle in the air?

In this review, we will discuss the various aspects of personalized medicine in CML, including the use of the different scoring systems to guide treatment, disease phase as a means to choose the proper approach and the value of early response evaluation in decision-making. The approach towards patients resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), individual strategies for discontinuation of TKIs and “operational” cure in CML will also be discussed and finally the personalized treatment for CML patients in the near future based on present outcomes.