Techno-economic assessment of a renewable bio-jet-fuel production using power-to-gas

Investments of around 132 million EUR are required for the HEFA-plant in all scenarios. Investments for the PTG-plant lie around 82 million EUR if there is a constant electricity supply from the grid. They reach 246 million EUR if electricity is supplied in an island-solution based on fluctuating renewables demanding much higher hydrogen production and storage capacities. Total investments in the biorefinery reach 378 million EUR in this case. Despite high capital costs, the largest cost item is vegetable oil - similarly to a conventional HEFA plant. Supporting policy instruments such as subsidies or quotas for renewable jet fuel seem indispensable for an introduction of the PTG-HEFA technology in the short to medium term.